Assessment of the Operation of an SI Engine Fueled with Ammonia

Recently, the research interest regarding ammonia applications in energy systems has been increasing. Ammonia is an important hydrogen carrier that can also be obtained starting from renewable sources. Furthermore, used as a carbon-free fuel combustion systems. In particular, behavior of internal engines (ICEs), fueled by ammonia, needs to further investigated. The main disadvantage this kind its low laminar flame speed when it oxidized with air. On other hand, considering spark-ignition (SI) engine, absence knock phenomena could allow performance improvement. work, 1D numerical approach was order assess and operating limits downsized PFI SI engine pure ammonia. reliability model verified means 3D approach. Both throttled unthrottled operation different boost levels were analyzed under WOT (wide-open throttle) conditions. potential exploited evaluate effect geometrical compression ratio on behavior. results show ammonia–air mixtures leads increased durations optimal spark timings more advanced than typical ones engines. are always avoided. Due limits, maximum rotational guaranteeing proper 3000 rpm, except for at highest level. At regime, load regulation critical terms unburned emissions. Considering ratios no conditions, even 4000 rpm point guarantees operation.